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重庆税务交出2022年“成绩单”：“减负”规模超750亿元******

　　中新网重庆2月3日电 (田俊杰 陈颖)新增减税降费及退税缓税缓费超750亿元、惠及所有行业140余万户次市场主体、96%以上企业税费事项可网上办、纳税人满意度位列全国第二……在重庆市税务局3日召开的全市税务工作会议上，2022年度税务工作“成绩单”出炉。

　　过去一年，为应对复杂严峻的国内外形势和多重超预期因素冲击，新的组合式税费支持政策、稳经济一揽子政策和接续措施在重庆落地见效，发挥了减轻市场主体税费负担、缓解资金周转压力、增强发展内生动力、稳定宏观经济大盘的重要作用。

　　重庆市税务工作会议公布，重庆2022年累计新增减税降费及退税缓税缓费超750亿元，惠及所有行业累计140余万户次市场主体。其中，已退到纳税人账户的增值税留抵退税款达422.4亿元，新增减税降费176.9亿元，办理缓税缓费154.6亿元。

　　为了让退税减税降费政策更便捷地从“纸上”落到“账上”，重庆税务部门坚持以数智赋能，升级改造征纳互动数据库和税企互动平台，2022年向超1000万户次纳税人推送税费支持政策信息。

　　此外，重庆市税务部门通过加快出口退税办理进度、扩大出口退税申报“免填报”范围等方式，助推重庆高水平对外开放，2022年为外贸企业办理出口退(免)税227.5亿元。

　　经济高质量发展，离不开良好的营商环境。重庆作为全国首批营商环境创新试点城市之一，税务部门在过去一年承担并全面完成了16项优化营商环境创新试点涉税改革事项，其中12项经验成果在全国推广。

　　围绕营造更优的税收营商环境，重庆税务部门持续拓展线上税费服务范围，“非接触式”办税缴费事项达到233项，96%的企业税费事项可网上办理。同时，通过落实97项“便民办税春风行动”举措，加快建设智能化办税服务厅，推出存量房转移登记税费同缴，12366纳税缴费服务热线办问协同，车船税全国联网信息查验等创新服务措施，办税缴费便利化水平不断提高。

　　围绕服务成渝地区双城经济圈建设，重庆市税务局加快推进川渝税收征管服务一体化，与四川省税务局统一了7大类62项税务行政处罚裁量基准，优化升级高竹新区全国首个跨省域税费征管服务中心，重庆市电子税务局“川渝通办”服务拓展至52项，基本涵盖所有高频跨省税费事项，20项税费业务可“专窗通办”。(完)

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）